The chest pain due to the inadequate supply of oxygen to the heart and cardiac ischemia but does not cause myocardial necrosis. 

Dangerous Factors

• Age: The majority consists of mid-aged to elderly.
• Sex: The majority of patient is male while the incidence in female occurs 10 years later and will gradually increase in likelihood after menopause.
• Family History: Persons with family history of cardiovascular diseases.
• Hyperlipidemia: The main reason leading to atherosclerosis and the danger will increase with the following factors:
• Total cholesterol greater than 200 mg/dl
• Low density cholesterol (LDL) greater than 130 mg/dl
• High density cholesterol (HDL) smaller than 40 mg/dl.
• Lifestyle with few activities: Persons sitting over a long period of time with few activities will increase the likelihood of coronary artery diseases.
• Hypertension, diabetes, obesity, oral contraceptive.
• Smoking, stress, and anxiety.

Symptoms

• Sudden chest pain, compression or tightness that transfers to the neck, chin, left shoulder, left arm; taking a rest or using sublingual tablets can alleviate the condition. The period of pain duration is short and does not exceed 5 minutes, which rarely exceeds 15 minutes.
• Other companying symptoms include: night sweat, breathing difficulty, pale facial skin, nausea, and vomiting.  

Diagnosis

• Static 12 Leads ECG
• Treadmill ECG
• Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Scan
• Stress echocardiography
• 640-slice computed tomography
• Cardiac catheter coronary artery scan

Treatment

• Medicinal Treatment: Nitrate, aspirin, Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, calcium blocker.
• Cardiac catheterization: Balloon angioplasty and stent placement

Daily Precautions for Patients of Angina Pectoris

• Quit smoking.
• Adopting diet low in fat, cholesterol and salt and high in fiber
• Maintain ideal weight.
• Control the stability of blood sugar and blood pressure. 。
• Proper exercises but avoid motions requiring suspended breathing and force.
• Avoid overly cold and hot stimulation, pay attention to warmth to prevent onset of Angina Pectoris. 
• Regular checkup and medicine medication.
• Carry Nitrostat Sublingual Tablet at all time. Avoid light and maintain room temperature between 15 ~ 30 ℃.
• When chest pain occurs, take one table of nitrostate sublingual tablet immediately. If no improvement is shown, call 119 for ambulance immediately. Do not drive or take ride in order to arrive to the hospital for early treatment during emergency.